Características cinemáticas da marcha em indivíduos com instabilidade anterior do joelho
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Objetivo: Verificar alterações na análise dos padrões computadorizados da marcha em pacientes com instabilidade anterior do joelho, comparando com pacientes sem instabilidade articular. Material e métodos: Vinte e sete pacientes diagnosticados com lesão do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) do joelho (Grupo Instabilidade) e 20 indivíduos assintomáticos (Grupo Controle) foram submetidos à avaliação cinemática tridimensional da marcha. Foram comparadas a angulação média do quadril e joelho em quatro subfases, bem como as médias das angulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo em toda a fase de apoio e balanço. Resultados: Observadas maiores médias de abdução do quadril, flexão e varo do joelho na subfase de contato inicial, maiores médias de flexão e varo do joelho no apoio médio, maiores médias de flexão do quadril e varo do joelho no balanço médio no Grupo Instabilidade. Em média, em toda a fase de apoio, maior flexão do quadril, maior varo e menor rotação interna do joelho, e maiores dorsiflexão e eversão do tornozelo no Grupo Instabilidade. Por sua vez, em toda a fase de balanço, maiores médias de flexão do quadril, maiores flexão, varo e rotação externa do joelho, e menores de flexão plantar e varo do tornozelo, no Grupo Instabilidade.Conclusão: Foram encontradas, no Grupo Instabilidade, alterações nos padrões computadorizados da marcha nos três planos espaciais, com a presença de um padrão de anulação do quadríceps, aumento do momento adutor e da rotação externa do joelho, que podem contribuir para a degeneração articular a médio e longo prazo.
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