Aplicações de drones em emergências, desastres e ajuda humanitária: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
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Existe a necessidade de tecnologia para permitir respostas mais eficientes a riscos e emergências, além da crescente demanda por novas tecnologias para atender a população. Este estudo teve como objetivo buscar na literatura sobre Sistemas Aeronaves Não Tripuladas (UAS), conhecidas como “drones”, para identificar as principais barreiras e requisitos para o uso de Aeronaves Não Tripuladas. Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) foi realizada usando quatro bibliotecas digitais, considerando artigos publicados de 2011 a 2022 relacionados às Aeronaves Não Tripuladas como ferramenta para busca e resgate durante emergências. No total, foram encontrados 1.030 artigos. Destes, 173 foram importados para seleção. 86 artigos e quatro outras RSL foram aceitos e analisados minuciosamente. Este artigo discute diferentes metodologias sobre como aeronaves remotamente pilotadas podem ser usadas em aplicações associadas a equipes de resgate, bombeiros, gestão urbana, autoridades, hospitais e instituições de pesquisa. Os resultados visam permitir que os envolvidos com operações relacionadas explorem ferramentas promissoras para uso prático em cenários críticos, juntamente com suas vantagens e limitações.
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